HARNESSING CAMPUS WATER FLOW: A CASE STUDY ON MINI HYDRO GENERATOR VOLTAGE OUTPUT AT POLYTECHNIC UNGKU OMAR

Abstract

This case study investigates the potential of utilizing a mini hydro generator system within a Polytechnic campus to generate electrical energy, with a primary focus on voltage output. As global concerns over sustainable energy sources continue to rise, exploring alternative and environmentally friendly power solutions has become increasingly relevant, particularly in educational institutions. The objective of this project is to evaluate the performance of a small-scale hydroelectric system in producing usable voltage output using natural or existing water flow within the campus environment. A mini hydro prototype was designed and installed at a location with continuous water movement, such as a drainage channel or an artificial stream. The system includes a water turbine connected to a DC generator. Voltage output data were collected under varying flow rates and environmental conditions to determine the reliability and stability of the generated electricity. The results demonstrated that the system could produce a voltage output ranging from 1V to 3V, depending on water velocity and turbine efficiency. Although the generated voltage is modest, it is adequate to serve as an initial input for voltage boosting circuits, enabling broader electrical applications to support small-scale applications such as powering LED lighting, mobile device charging, and basic electronic equipment. These findings indicate that mini hydro systems have potential as a supplementary renewable energy source on campus while offering hands-on learning opportunities for students in the fields of electrical engineering, environmental studies, and sustainable technology. Furthermore, this project highlights the practical implications of using low-cost and low-maintenance technologies to harness naturally available energy. In conclusion, the implementation of a mini hydro generator not only supports energy sustainability goals but also enriches the Polytechnic’s role in promoting green innovation through real-world applications.