PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF GNSS TECHNIQUES IN CADASTRAL SURVEY WORKS

Abstract

Conventional cadastral surveying methods offer high accuracy and legal acceptance but face practical challenges in modern land management. These traditional approaches are time-consuming and demand extensive manual fieldwork, specialized instruments, and skilled personnel, leading to high costs. They also rely on line-of-sight between survey points, limiting their effectiveness in urban, heavily vegetated, or uneven terrains. As a result, conventional surveys may delay projects and struggle to scale for increasing demand. This study assesses the accuracy and efficiency of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) techniques—specifically Single-Based Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) and Network-Based Virtual Reference Station (VRS)—compared against traditional Total Station methods in cadastral surveys. A field survey was conducted on a residential lot, with comparative analysis based on coordinates, bearing, distance, and area. The GNSS methods produced results closely matching the Total Station reference, with area deviations below 0.34%. Between the two GNSS techniques, VRS demonstrated slightly better accuracy and consistency. The findings endorse GNSS technology as a reliable, efficient alternative for cadastral surveying, particularly in areas with clear sky views. This supports more rapid, cost-effective land surveys without compromising accuracy, aligning well with contemporary land administration needs.